Current Status and Development of Detector for Nuclear Safeguards

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has established a comprehensive nuclear safeguards system and continuously improved it to ensure the capability to oversee the peaceful use of nuclear technology and to prevent its diversion for military purposes. This paper describes the establishment and development of IAEA nuclear safeguards system. The application and advancement of nuclear safeguards technology relies on the progress of detection technology. China has conducted extensive researches in nuclear safeguards technology, leading to the development of various detection devices tailored to diverse detection needs. These include radiation detectors for γ-rays, X-rays, and neutrons, calorimeters for measuring decay-generated heat, and mass spectrometers for distinguishing between different mass numbers. This paper analyzes the development trends of IAEA nuclear safeguards equipment and proposes potential future applications for detectors and detection technologies.