Facilities and Technical Applications for Nuclear Physics Accelerator in China Institute of Atomic Energy

China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) has persistently developed technologies including radioactive beam generation, low-energy high-voltage accelerators, tandem accelerators, and high-frequency accelerators. Nuclear physics research facilities, such as the HI-13 Tandem Accelerator, superconducting linear accelerator, multi-particle variable-energy cyclotron, 600 kV high-voltage multiplier, high mass resolution on-line isotope separator, and Jinping underground high-current accelerator, has been established. The HI-13 Tandem Accelerator has accumulated nearly 150 000 h of operation with 125 000 h of beam supply. In 2014, it is upgraded to the Beijing Radioactive Ion-beam Facility with a new cyclotron and a new on-line isotope separator upstream and a new superconducting booster downstream. In 2016, a superconducting linear accelerator was being constructed to increasing maximum energy gain to 17 MeV/q instead of the booster. The multi-particle variable-energy cyclotron is an isochronous cyclotron with a maximum acceleration factor K of 130, delivering proton energies up to 72 MeV. The 600 kV high-voltage multiplier runs over 1 500 h annually, completing more than 30 experiments and serving over 30 research institutes and enterprises. The Jinping underground astrophysical experiment facility currently holds the world record for the strongest deep-earth accelerator beam intensity, surpassing Italy’s LUNA laboratory accelerator by tenfold. Based on the Beijing Radioactive Ion-beam Facility, the calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon carbide, lanthanum carbide, and uranium carbide targets were developed in recent years. By utilizing an innovative dual-mode ion source structure, it has generated 55 types of radioactive isotope beams including sodium, potassium, aluminum, and rubidium, with the shortest half-life reaching 0.17 s and maximum beam intensity at 10¹⁰ s⁻¹, achieving international advanced levels. CIAE has developed industrial projects such as small tandem accelerators, small neutron generators, accelerator mass spectrometer, and nuclear pore membrane production based on nuclear physics accelerator technology. In 2025, a 2×1.7 MV and a 2×3 MV tandem accelerators were delivered to users, and in 2026, a 2×6 MV tandem accelerator will be delivered, product standardization is preliminarily completed and technical self-reliance is achieved. CIAE has developed compact neutron generators and time-marking neutron generators with accuracy better than 1 ns and position-marking accuracy better than 0.3 mm. A high-flux neutron generator with capable of producing 3×10¹² neutrons per second is under research. CIAE has developed atmospheric-insulated mass spectrometers and compact mass spectrometers, and has established an accelerator-based nuclear pore membrane production line, providing various nuclear pore membrane products.