β剂量刻度用的天然铀块外照射剂量分布

EXTERNAL DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS OF EXPOSURE TO NATURAL URANIUM SLAB FOR CALIBRATION OF BETA ABSORBED DOSE

  • 摘要: 本文总结了天然铀(+子体)块作为β射线外照射吸收剂量刻度用参考标准源的7个优点。用组织等效外推电离室测量了天然铀照射聚乙烯材料时的深部剂量分布。用裸露胶片测量了源中心轴上空气中浅表吸收剂量随源到探测器距离的变化,以及不同距离处垂直于中心轴的平面上剂量场的均匀性。指出了按照ICRU第39号报告提出的定向剂量当量H’(0.007)和浅表个人剂量当量H_?(0.007),用这种源刻度环境或工作场所监测仪表和个人剂量计时应注意的问题。最后把测量值与根据天然铀及其主要子体的复杂能谱进行的初步理论估算值进行了比较,符合较好。

     

    Abstract: The depth dose distributions and uniformity of beta radiation fields from anatural uranium slab in equilibration were measured using a tissue equivalentextrapolation chamber and film dosimeter. The chief advantages for calibration ofenviromental dose instrument or survey meter and personal dosimeter, for routinemonitoring in terms of directional dose equivalent and superficial individual doseequivalent were summarized. Finally, the values measured agree well with that oftheoretical calculation.

     

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