粒子加速器中高频产生X射线的防护

PROTECTION OF X-RAY GENERATED BY RADIO-FREQUENCY IN PARTICLE ACCELERATORS

摘要: <正> 对粒子加速器的高频设备(如速调管)和加速腔,除了要防护微波的洩漏外,还必须防护高频产生的x射线。速调管是通过电子束与高频场的相互作用,将电子束的直流能量转换为高频能量的装置,速调管中电子束在高频场的作用下受到速度调制,从而激起更强的高频振荡,并通过波导管将高频能量馈送至加速腔,以加速带电粒子。而电子束的剩余能量则在它轰击收集极时,绝大部分转化为热能,极少部分因轫致辐射转化为辐射能。

Abstract: Generation and protection of X-rays by the RF system in the linear acceleratorare discussed. Production mechanism and calculation method of X-rays by theklystron are described. Measurement of the exposure rate at the surface of theaccelerating cavity is given. It is emphasized that the RF system should be interlo-cked with the safety protection system.