脉冲法测量热扩散率中的非瞬时脉冲效应
NON-INSTANTANEOUS PULSE EFFECT IN PULSE THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY MEASUREMENT
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摘要: <正> 一、前言 脉冲法是测量固体材料热扩散率的一种重要方法。与稳态法相比,它有试样小、温域广、测量快及操作简便等优点,对放射性材料尤为适用。然而关于绝热和瞬时脉冲的假定在实验中往往不能完全满足,这给测量结果带入不可忽视的误差。R.D.Cowan经过理论分析提出了切实可行的热损失修正法。R.E.Taylor和R.C.Heckman分别建立了非瞬时脉冲修正程序。这两个程序有两个明显的缺点:(1)只适用于特定的三角形脉冲;(2)使用起来十分繁琐。本文用更合理近似的梯形脉冲,推导了试样背面温度响应的解析式,在实用的范围内建立了修正t_c(热扩散特征时间)的表达式,最后用纯铁和纯钽的实际Abstract: The analytical function of temperature response on rear face is derived forpulse thermal diffusivity measurement using a trapezoidal energetic pulse. In ac-cordance with this, the expression for characteristic time of thermal diffusion isfound. It is concluded that Non-instantaneous Pulse effect originates from theduration of energetic pulse and the geometry factor related to its shape. Throughthe measuring and correcting of thermal diffusivity for thinner specimens, the cor-rection procedure is demonstrated.