Abstract: Supercritical fluid chelating extraction (SFCE) is a new type of separation technology for extracting metallic elements. When SFCE is used in both the spent fuel reprocessing and the treatment of nuclear wastes, the generation of second wastes can be minimized. Both the properties of supercritical fluid and the theory of SFCE were introduced, and factors affecting SFCE were discussed in the paper. The research progress on SFCE of lanthanides and actinides and applications in the process study of spent fuel reprocessing were reviewed too.