Abstract: With wide application of molecular biology and rapid development of radionuclide tracing techniques, radionuclide tracing molecular functional measurements and targeted treatment application became a new force and more and more popular and widespread. It is well known that radionuclide tracing technique plays a very important role in taking precaution against diseases, keeping human healthcare and diagnosing of the diseases, and has significant achievements. According to abroad and domestic references and our experience on experimental and clinical practice, the radionuclide tracing technique, key technologies and recent focus on application studies were described briefly.