碳化硅气凝胶的模板限制反应法制备与特性

陈珂; 包志豪; 朱秀榕; 杜艾; 沈军; 吴广明; 张志华; 周斌

doi:10.7538/yzk.2012.46.07.0855

碳化硅气凝胶的模板限制反应法制备与特性

同济大学上海市特殊人工微结构材料与技术重点实验室,上海200092

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- 刊出日期: 2012-07-19

Synthesis and Characterization of Silicon Carbide Aerogels via Template-Confined Magnesiothermic Reaction

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

摘要

摘要: 提出了一种酸催化制备间苯二酚甲醛/二氧化硅复合气凝胶的方法，产物经碳化后得到碳/二氧化硅复合气凝胶。利用模板限制的镁热反应法，在低温（700 ℃）下将C/SiO₂气凝胶转化为纳米SiC气凝胶，并讨论了SiC的镁热反应机制。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）、拉曼光谱（Raman）和比表面积分析（BET）等测试技术对样品进行了表征。结果表明，产物由立方相SiC纳米晶组成，保留了与原始气凝胶模板相似的微观形貌，表观密度约为130 mg/cm³，比表面积约为230 m²/g。这种模板限制反应法适用于多种碳/过渡金属氧化物复合气凝胶向碳化物纳米泡沫材料的低温转化，将有利于激光惯性约束核聚变实验用靶的应用研究。
- 碳化硅 ,
- 气凝胶 ,
- 模板限制 ,
- 镁热 ,
- 低温
Abstract: Time-efficient synthesis of resorcinol-formaldehyde/silica composite (RF/SiO₂) aerogels was carried out by using acids as catalysts. RF/SiO₂ aerogels were pyrolyzed to C/SiO₂ aerogels at high temperature. SiC aerogels were successfully converted from C/SiO₂ aerogels by a template-confined magnesiothermic reaction at low temperature (700 ℃). The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, Raman, FTIR and BET. The results suggest that the products consist of nanocrystalline silicon carbide, and maintain 3D porous network as similar as that of original templates. They possess a bulk density of 130 mg/cm³ and a specific surface area of 230 m²/g. Potentially, the proposed method could be expanded to convert other carbon/metal or semimetal oxide aerogels to carbide aerogels, which could be benefit for investigation of ICF experimental targets.
- silicon carbide ,
- aerogels ,
- template-confined ,
- magnesiothermic ,
- low tempera-ture

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参考文献(17)

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碳化硅气凝胶的模板限制反应法制备与特性

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Synthesis and Characterization of Silicon Carbide Aerogels via Template-Confined Magnesiothermic Reaction

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