Abstract: To estimate the reliability of laser welding components of AP1000 and study the distribution of elements and microstructure of dissimilar weld of Hastelloy C-276 and 316L welded by Nd: YAG pulse laser, the microstructure, element distribution and phase of the weld were systematically analyzed by optical microscope, electron probe X-ray microanalyser and other analysis, measuring and test instruments. The results show that the gain of microstructure of weld is refined, and tiny equiaxed grains are in the center and columnar grains are near the weld edge. Heat-affected zones are very narrow on two sides of the weld joint. According to macro distribution of elements, there are three zones in the weld. Element compositions vary drastically on two sides of the weld and become uniform in the center. Micro-segregation of elements exists and Mo enriched at the grain boundary of the weld is observed. Austenite is the main microstructure of the weld and little delta ferrite is found.