Abstract: The α-decay half-lives around Z=82 and N=126 shell closures were investigated by the effective liquid drop model (ELDM). The calculations include four types of transitions which are ground state to ground state, ground state to isomeric state, isomeric state to ground state, and isomeric state to isomeric state. It is shown that the experimental α-decay half-lives are reproduced well by ELDM, which indicates that the ELDM can be extended to study the α-decay properties around the closed shells. It is also helpful for predicting the magic numbers of superheavy nuclei and for future research on superheavy nuclear structure around the new magic numbers. At last, the α-decay half-lives for the nuclei that the experimental data are unknown are predicted, which are useful for future measurements.