Abstract: Sodium titanate nanomaterials were synthesized through one-step hydro thermal method. The influences of hydrothermal reaction temperature and time on the preparation of nanomaterials and their influences on the adsorption of Cs⁺ were investigated. TEM and XRD analyses indicate that the as-prepared multilayer sodium titanate nano-tube (TNT) is sodium titanate with nano-tubular structure at 100-150 ℃ and 48 h, and the distance between layers is 0.91 nm. Multilayer sodium titanate nano-sheet (TNS) is sodium titanate with nano-sheet structure at 180 ℃ and 48 h, and the distance between layers is 0.84 nm. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cs⁺ on TNT calculated by Langmuir model is 263.85 mg/g, and that of Cs⁺ on TNS is 241.67 mg/g. At the same time, the effects of pH and adsorption kinetics were also investigated.