DAMPE-PSD读出电子学研制

Development of Readout Electronics for DAMPE-PSD

  • 摘要: 暗物质粒子探测卫星(dark matter particle explorer, DAMPE)是我国空间科学卫星系列的首发星,用于找出可能的暗物质粒子信号。塑料闪烁体阵列探测器(plastic scintillator detector, PSD)分系统作为卫星有效载荷的主体部件之一,参与承担高能粒子电荷测量和电子/γ射线鉴别任务。PSD由82根塑料闪烁体条和164个光电倍增管(photomultiplier tube, PMT)组成,有328个输出通道,每根塑料闪烁体条的动态范围为2×103,需配备1套完备的读出电子学系统。该电子学系统由4块前端电子学(front-end electronics, FEE)板构成,共具有360个信号处理通道,总功耗6 W。电路主要包括电荷测量电路、模拟调理电路、模数变换电路、刻度电路、环境监测电路、FPGA电路、电源管理电路以及接口电路等,其主要功能是基于32路模拟信号将PMT的电荷信号输入VA160 ASIC芯片,考虑了抗辐照加固、温度设计等一系列关键问题,以确保在严酷的太空中具有长期的可靠性。测试结果表明,该FEE系统工作稳定、性能良好,具有较好的技术指标,每个电子学通道实现了0~12.5 pC的动态范围,通道的随机噪声水平好于2 fC,积分非线性好于0.6%。FEE能适应恶劣的空间环境,具有很高的可靠性。FEE配合PSD样机还分别于2014年和2015年在欧洲核子中心(CERN)的PS和SPS终端成功完成了2次束流试验,验证了PSD的探测能力完全满足任务书中提出的功能和指标要求,能很好实现实际科学任务需求。

     

    Abstract: The dark matter particle explorer (DAMPE) is the first launched satellite in our series of space science satellites, which mainly aims at searching for dark matter particles in space. The DAMPE implements precise charge measurement for cosmic-ray ions and identification of high energy e/γ. The plastic scintillator detector (PSD) is a major component in the payload of the DAMPE. The PSD consists of 82 plastic scintillator crystal bars and 164 PMTs (photomultiplier tubes). The dynamic range for each crystal bar is 2×103 and in total there are 328 readout channels. These readout channels are read by a complex readout electronic system, which contains 4 front-end electronics (FEE) boards with a total 360 signal processing channels and power consumption of 6 W. The FEE board mainly includes charge measurement circuit, analog conditioning circuit, ADC circuit, calibration circuit, environmental monitoring circuit, FPGA circuit, power management circuit, interface circuit, etc. Its main function is importing the charge of PMT signals to VA160 ASIC based on the 32 channels. To assure the long-term reliability in harsh space environment, several critical issues such as the radiation hardness, thermal design, etc., are taken into consideration. Test results show that the FEE performs well and operates stably. Each electronics channel achieves a dynamic range of 0 to 12.5 pC with a low noise less than 2 fC. The nonlinearity of each channel is less than 0.6% in full dynamic range. The FEE can stand with the harsh space environments and operate in a reliable manner. In 2014 and 2015, the FEE, combined with the PSD, was successfully tested two times at the PS and SPS terminals of CERN. The detection capability of PSD was validated, which can satisfy the function and performance requirements given in project document, and meet actual scientific mission needs.

     

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