230 MeV超导回旋加速器高频腔体的研制

Development of RF Cavity for 230 MeV Superconducting Cyclotron

  • 摘要: 中国原子能科学研究院目前正在研制一台用于质子治疗的230 MeV超导回旋加速器。本文设计用于230 MeV超导回旋加速器的高频腔体,其采用螺旋结构,由4个腔体组成,高频系统采用二次谐波加速,高频腔体工作频率约71.25 MHz。4个半波长的电容加载型谐振腔工作于Push-Pull模式,其中两个腔体在中心平面直连,另外两个腔体在中心区下方使用过桥连接,两组腔体之间存在电容耦合,相差180°。在腔体的设计过程中,采用计算机对4腔体进行联合仿真,经优化后,腔体加速电压分布在中心区部分的为75 kV,大半径部分的提升至110 kV,腔体的无载品质因数仿真结果约8 800。为保证腔体的高频性能,腔体主体材料采用无氧铜材料,其加工难度在于上、下外壳需分别焊接成一个整体,同时要控制其形变量。目前,腔体已完成加工,单个腔体的无载品质因数的测试表明,腔体的无载品质因数均好于7 000,满足要求。

     

    Abstract: The China Institute of Atomic Energy is currently developing a 230 MeV superconducting cyclotron for proton therapy. The RF cavity of 230 MeV superconducting cyclotron is composed of four cavities with helical structure. The RF system applies second harmonic for beam acceleration and the cavity frequency is about 71.25 MHz. The four cavities work in Push-Pull mode, whereas the two opposite cavities are connected directly in the center plane and the other two cavities are connected by bridge under the center area. There is capacitive coupling between the two groups of cavities, and the phase difference of them is 180°. The numerical simulation was used in the design of the four cavities. The accelerating voltage distribution is 75 kV in the center region and 110 kV at the outer radius after optimization, and the unloaded quality factor of the cavity is about 8 800. The oxygen-free copper was selected in the cavity manufacture in order to ensure the RF performance. Cavity welding is the most difficult procedure in the manufacture. The upper (the lower) shell needs to be welded together with a tight tolerance. The mechanical process of the cavities was finished. The unloaded quality factor test of the single cavity shows that the result is better than 7 000, which meets the requirement.

     

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