Abstract: The development of nuclear energy has produced a large quantity of radioactive wastes, which pose potential risk for nuclear energy development and environmental safety. Therefore, the decontamination and remediation of radioactive contaminated media are not only a significant point in nuclear environmental safety and sustainable development of nuclear energy, but also an important prerequisite for the harmonious development between human and nature. In recent years, porous organic materials have drawn attention as a new adsorbent for environmental radioactive pollution, which have advantages of high stability, large specific surface area and adjustable functional structure. In present review, the advance and application of porous organic adsorbents in radionuclide adsorption and separation were summarized, the structure and function relationship between radionuclides and porous organic adsorbents were discussed basing on computation assistant design and application. Furthermore, the opportunities and challenges of porous organic adsorbents in future application were discussed. The discussion is referable for the development of novel adsorbents and methods for radioactive pollution management.