TMP结构、材料对冷冻靶温度场的影响

Effects of TMP Structure and Material on Cryogenic Target Temperature Field

  • 摘要: 氘氚冰靶的均匀性和表面光滑程度对靶的表现非常重要,高质量的冷冻靶要求靶丸表面最大温差不高于0.1 mK,而影响冷冻靶温度场的因素众多。本文采用计算流体力学软件FLUENT研究了套筒壁厚(0.2、0.5、0.75、1、1.25、1.5、1.75、2 mm)、材料(AL5052、SS304和高纯铜)以及黑腔结构(单凸环和双凸环)对冷冻靶温度场的影响。计算结果表明:黑腔采用双凸环结构,靶丸表面温差较小;随套筒壁厚的增加,黑腔内气体自然对流强度降低,靶丸表面温度场均匀度提高,靶丸表面温差减小;由于铜具有高的导热系数及比热,选用铜作为套筒材料使得靶丸表面温度更低,温度场更加均匀。将套筒壁厚、材料、黑腔结构综合考虑,发现套筒壁厚为1 mm、材料选用高纯铜、采用黑腔结构双凸环设计时靶丸表面温度场均匀性最好。

     

    Abstract: The ice layers in the deuterium-tritium capsule must be uniform and smooth enough, and the maximum temperature difference of the target surface is not higher than 0.1 mK for high quality cryogenic target. However, there are many factors affecting the cryogenic target temperature field. In this paper, the effects of sleeve wall thicknesses (0.2, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75 and 2 mm), materials (AL5052, SS304 and high-purity copper) and hohlraum structures (single convex and double convex) on the cryogenic target temperature field were studied with FLUENT software. The results show that the temperature difference of target surface is small when hohlraum structure is double convex ring. With the increase of sleeve wall thickness, the natural convection intensity of the hohlraum and the temperature difference on the surface of the target decrease. There is a lower temperature and more uniform temperature field around target surface when copper is used as sleeve material, because of its high heat conduction and specific heat. Considering the wall thicknesses, materials and hohlraum structures, the surface temperature field of the target is best when the sleeve adopts high-purity copper with thickness of 1 mm, and the hohlraum structure is double convex ring.

     

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