Abstract: For the test process of small break loss of coolant accident (SBLOCA) of AP type nuclear power plant, there is a more consistent understanding at home and abroad. However, the influence of the same size of the break on the test process and passive core cooling system in different locations still needs further study. In this paper, a large passive core cooling integrated test facility ACME was used to study the break accident test conditions of passive residual heat removal system (PRHRS) before and behind the isolation valve, and the bottom break test of the cold pipe of core makeup tank (CMT) was used as the contrast condition. The test results show that the accident process of PRHRS before and behind the isolation valve is in accordance with the process of SBLOCA, the core is always in a good cooling statement and the safety of passive core cooling system is effectively verified. There is a certain impact on the accident process for the same break size and different break locations, and the location of the break has a key impact on the CMT level and safety injection flow. In contrast, the heat transfer of PRHRS equipment is also quite different. The heat transfer of cold pipe break and break behind the isolation valve is greater than break before the isolation valve, however, the flow and heat transfer mechanism of PRHRS heat exchange tube needs further study.