Abstract: As a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient basic load energy, the nuclear energy plays a positive role in responding to global climate change. After the Fukushima nuclear accident, the international community puts forward new and higher requirements for the safety of nuclear energy. At the same time, the vigorous development of nuclear energy is greatly constrained by economical and environmental protection factors in the open electricity market. The world’s nuclear energy community is exploring and developing advanced nuclear energy technology with a view to solving the related problem of nuclear energy development. The development of advanced nuclear energy technology in international organization and major nuclear power countries was introduced, and the development of advanced nuclear energy technology in China was highlighted. The future development trend, the key direction and common technology of advanced nuclear energy technology development was analyzed.