Abstract: Nuclear and radiochemistry is one of the fundamental subjects to ensure the national nuclear security and sustainable development of nuclear energy. The main achievements of the past 70 years, acquired by China Institute of Atomic Energy in the field of nuclear and radiochemistry were introduced in this paper. Especially, the technical progress in the separation and determination of long-lived nuclides, fast radiochemical separation of short-lived nuclides, fission chemistry, coordination chemistry of actinides and analysis of ⁹⁰Sr, were summarized in this paper. Furthermore, the emphasis and direction for future study were proposed at the end of this paper.