Abstract: This paper reviews the research work on the metrology and test of ionizing radiation in the early stage at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), the establishment and improvement of the metrological system of ionizing radiation after the establishment of the primary station of ionizing radiation, and the research on new technology and method of ionizing radiation measurement after 2000. By reviewing the development course of ionizing radiation metrology technology at CIAE, from the conventional metrology method to the new absolute measurement method research, extreme quantity metrology, dynamic quantity metrology, special environment metrology, special radioactive gas activity metrology and preparation of special radioactive reference materials, it is hoped to carry forward the fine tradition of the older generation, enhance the ability of comprehensive metrological surrport, exploit and innovate on the advanced metrological theories and methods, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy metrology, and radiobiology metrology etc.