高温气冷堆耦合碘硫循环制氢的经济性研究

Economic Study of High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor Coupled with Iodinesulfur Cycle for Hydrogen Production

  • 摘要: 经济性是核能制氢工艺关注的重要方面。本文运用HEEP软件对高温气冷堆耦合碘硫循环的核能制氢工艺进行了经济性分析,基于HEEP软件的特点与功能、计算原理分析了制氢厂能量供应方式、制氢效率等技术参数和运行时间、资本成本、贴现率、借款利率等时间和经济参数的影响。研究结果表明,采用核电厂为制氢厂热电联供与核电厂只供热而由外部电网供电相比经济性更好。通过优化碘硫循环制氢工艺的热交换网络,降低制氢工艺耗热量,可提高制氢效率,从而降低氢气的平准化成本。此外,延长核电厂运行时间、降低核电厂和制氢厂的资本成本、降低贴现率和借款利率有利于提高经济性。最后,比较了几种制氢工艺的经济性,在征收300 /t CO2税的情况下,高温气冷堆耦合碘硫循环制氢的氢气平准化成本最低。综合来看,高温气冷堆耦合碘硫循环制氢是较清洁且具有经济前景的制氢工艺。

     

    Abstract: As a clean energy carrier with high heating value, hydrogen is expected to play an increasingly important role in future energy supply. In the long term, nuclear energy can meet the demand for clean, efficient and largescale hydrogen production. The very high temperature gascooled reactor can provide hightemperature process heat and is suitable for nuclear hydrogen production. The iodinesulfur cycle is a thermochemical watersplitting cycle, and is considered to be the most suitable for coupling with high temperature gascooled reactors to produce hydrogen. Currently, there are many technical researches on nuclear hydrogen production, but few economic researches. Economy is also an important aspect of nuclear hydrogen production. The economic analysis of nuclear hydrogen production has important guiding significance for further technical research and engineering construction. The present study uses hydrogen economic evaluation program (HEEP) to economically analyze the hydrogen production process of high temperature gascooled reactor coupled with iodinesulfur cycle. Firstly based on the features and functions, and calculation principles of HEEP, the levelized cost of hydrogen production was calculated by HEEP according to the discounted cash flow method. The lower the levelized cost of hydrogen production, the better the economic effect. Then the influence of technical parameters and chronological and economic parameters was analyzed. The results show that it is more economical to use nuclear power plants as the combined heat and power supply for hydrogen production plants than to use nuclear power plants only for heat supply while the power is supplied by external power grid. By optimizing the heat exchange network of the iodinesulfur cycle, the heat consumption of the hydrogen production process can be reduced, the hydrogen production efficiency can be improved, and the levelized cost of hydrogen production can be reduced. When the hydrogen production efficiency increases from 42.0% to 50.4%, the levelized cost of hydrogen production reduces by 12.0%. Extending the operating time of nuclear power plants can reduce the levelized cost of hydrogen production. The levelized cost of hydrogen production increases linearly with the increase in the capital cost of nuclear power plants and hydrogen production plants. The capital cost of nuclear power plants has a greater impact than that of hydrogen production plants. Moreover, when the discount rate and borrowing interest rate are at a lower level, nuclear hydrogen production is more economical. Finally, the economic effects of several hydrogen production processes were compared. In the case of a tax of 300 per ton of CO2, the high temperature gascooled reactor coupled with iodinesulfur cycle has the lowest levelized cost of hydrogen production. In general, the high temperature gascooled reactor coupled with iodinesulfur cycle is a relatively clean and economically promising hydrogen production process.

     

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