环形燃料元件内冷却剂流动换热特性的数值研究

周云龙; 吴明婷; 黄娜; 李洪伟

doi:10.7538/yzk.2022.youxian.0703

环形燃料元件内冷却剂流动换热特性的数值研究

东北电力大学能源与动力工程学院,吉林省吉林市132012

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- 刊出日期: 2023-06-19

Numerical Study on Coolant Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in Annular Fuel

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, China

摘要

摘要: 相较于传统棒束燃料元件，内外双冷却通道的环形燃料元件具有堆芯功率密度高同时燃料温度低的优点，研究其热工水力特性具有重要意义。本文采用计算流体动力学（CFD）方法对内外冷却的环形燃料元件内外冷却流道的流动沸腾进行数值模拟，根据模拟结果对内外冷却流道的温度场、二次流速度及换热系数等参数进行分析。结果表明：最大二次流速度出现在燃料棒近壁面处；环形燃料元件外流道温度场分布呈现间隙处温度高，各子通道温度低的分布趋势；固体燃料棒表面温度在轴向同一位置处，沿周向以90°为周期变化；换热系数呈现规律性波动，单棒的不同周向角度换热系数存在较大差异，沿周向以90°为周期变化，周向角度为45°、135°、225°和315°位置处均出现温度极大值。本文结果可为环形燃料元件工程应用提供理论参考。
- 环形燃料 ,
- 流动沸腾 ,
- 换热特性 ,
- 数值模拟
Abstract: Annular fuel element is a new type of fuel element proposed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The fuel element structure adopts double channel cooling structure with internal and external cooling simultaneously. Compared with the traditional rod-bundle fuel element, the annular fuel element with both inner and outer cooling channels has the advantages of high core power density and low fuel temperature, so it is of great significance to study its thermal-hydraulics characteristics. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to analyze the flow boiling in the inner and outer cooling channels of annular fuel elements. A 2×2 annular fuel element model was established, and its flow and boiling heat transfer characteristics were studied based on Lee phase transition model and SST k-w turbulence model. The surface temperature of fuel rod, coolant temperature field in flow channel and gas volume fraction distribution were analyzed. The flow characteristics of the coolant were evaluated by calculating the secondary flow velocity distribution. The boiling heat transfer characteristics of the coolant were analyzed by calculating its heat transfer coefficient. The results show that the maximum secondary velocity region appears near the wall of the fuel rod, and the maximum secondary velocity increases with the increase of coolant temperature, but the average secondary velocity decreases with the increase of temperature. The temperature distribution of the annular fuel element outflow channel shows a trend of high temperature at the gap and low temperature at each sub-channel. Increasing the inlet temperature reduces the heat dissipated by the fuel rods through the inner passage and increases the heat dissipated through the outer passage. Increasing the heat flux will result in high temperature zones between adjacent fuel rods. At the same position in the axial direction, the surface temperature of solid fuel rod changes with a cycle of 90° along the circumferential direction, and the maximum temperature occurs at positions with circumferential angles of 45°, 135°, 225° and 315°. The average heat transfer coefficients at 0°, 90° and 180° positions are 22.53%, 52.16% and 7.9% higher than those at 270° positions, respectively. The heat transfer effect at 90° is the best. The overall heat transfer coefficient of the fuel element decreases sharply at the inlet due to the inlet effect. The coolant then boils in the channel to produce a large number of bubbles. Due to the randomness of bubble generation and movement, strong disturbance is formed to the surrounding flow, which makes the heat transfer effect increase and shows regular fluctuation.
- annular fuel ,
- flow boiling ,
- heat transfer characteristics ,
- numerical analysis

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参考文献(34)

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环形燃料元件内冷却剂流动换热特性的数值研究

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Numerical Study on Coolant Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in Annular Fuel

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