超临界CO2环境下典型汽轮机关键部件用材腐蚀行为研究

Corrosion Behavior of Typical Materials for Key Components of Steam Turbines in Supercritical CO2 Environment

  • 摘要: 为了解超临界CO2环境下3种典型汽轮机高温部件材料(耐热钢1Cr10Mo1NiWVNbN、Co3W3与高温镍基合金IN718)的腐蚀行为,本文采用材料腐蚀增重、腐蚀产物微观表征与腐蚀热力学计算相结合的方法获得了这3种材料表面腐蚀产物的形成与变化规律。结果表明,超临界CO2环境下IN718的腐蚀增重远低于两种耐热钢的腐蚀增重,两种耐热钢腐蚀增重曲线符合抛物线型腐蚀规律,说明腐蚀过程受离子扩散控制。结合腐蚀反应自由能变化与产物反应平衡氧分压可知,3种材料在该环境下同时发生氧化和碳化反应,高温镍基合金IN718表面腐蚀产物主要由Cr2O3构成,而耐热钢1Cr10Mo1NiWVNbN和Co3W3表面腐蚀产物为Fe2O3、Fe3O4和(Fe,Cr)3O4,且碳化反应严重,形成Fe与Cr碳化物。由腐蚀增重、腐蚀产物和碳化产物厚度可知,该超临界CO2环境下3种材料的抗腐蚀性能依次为:IN718>Co3W3>1Cr10Mo1NiWVNbN。

     

    Abstract: The turbine system is an indispensable part of power cycle or power generation system using supercritical CO2 as the working fluid. The safety for high-temperature component directly affects the long-term safe operation of the entire power cycle or power generation system. For the turbine in supercritical CO2 power cycle, the corrosion of materials for key high-temperature components was less studied, so to ensure that heat-resistant materials Co3W3, 1Cr10Mo1NiWVNbN and high temperature nickel based alloy 718 can be used to build key components of the turbine, it is necessary to study the corrosion behavior of three heat-resistant materials in supercritical CO2 environment. The corrosion behavior of three typical high-temperature component materials for turbines in supercritical CO2 environment at 600 ℃ and 20 MPa for 3 000 h was studied in this paper. The formation and variation of corrosion products on the surface of 1Cr10Mo, Co3W3 and IN718 were obtained by combining corrosion weight gain of materials, microscopic characterization of corrosion products and corrosion thermodynamic calculations. The scanning electron microscopes, energy spectrometers, X-ray diffractometer and glow discharge spectrometers were used to analyze the morphology, composition and elemental distribution of corrosion products formed on the three materials. The results show that the weight gain of IN718 in supercritical CO2 environment was much lower than that of two heatresistant steels Co3W3 and 1Cr10Mo1NiWVNbN. The corrosion weight gain curves of the two heat-resistant steels Co3W3 and 1Cr10Mo1NiWVNbN were conformed to be the parabolic corrosion law, indicating that the corrosion process was controlled by ion diffusion. Based on the in-depth element distribution, it can be inferred that the three materials underwent simultaneous oxidation and carbonization reactions in this environment. The corrosion products formed on IN718 were mainly composed of Cr2O3, while the corrosion products formed on heat-resistant steels Co3W3 and 1Cr10Mo1NiWVNbN were Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and (Fe,Cr)3O4. Moreover, the carbonization reaction of heat-resistant steels was serious, forming Fe and Cr carbides. According to the corrosion weight gain, corrosion product and carbide product thickness, the corrosion resistance of the three materials in the supercritical CO2 environment is in the following order: IN718>Co3W3>1Cr10Mo1NiWVNbN.

     

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