复杂微小通道内超临界CO2-水换热特性试验研究

Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Performance of Supercritical CO2-water in Complex Mini-channels

  • 摘要: 印刷电路板式换热器(PCHE)作为超临界CO2布雷顿循环的重要候选设备,其性能对新一代核反应堆安全性及经济性具有十分重要的意义。为探索超临界CO2布雷顿循环Z字形PCHE预冷器通道内的换热性能,本文针对Z字形微小通道内的超临界CO2-水换热开展了试验研究。超临界CO2试验条件如下:压力7.5~9.0 MPa、温度50~90 ℃、流量300~600 kg/(m2·s);试验本体直径2.0 mm、节距7.24 mm、弯折角40°。通过布置多个温度测点,获得复杂微小通道内沿程温度分布数据,研究了不同工况参数对沿程对数平均温差及整体换热系数的影响,并进一步评估了整体法与分段法对计算结果的影响。结果表明,整体换热系数在拟临界区附近呈现较高水平。在给定工况下,提高CO2入口温度对换热器整体换热系数的影响较小;随着入口压力的提高,整体换热系数峰值降低;增大入口质量流速可明显提高换热器的整体换热能力。另外,在靠近拟临界的换热工况中,整体法与分段法的整体换热系数计算结果偏差明显,而在跨拟临界的换热工况中,计算结果偏差明显减小。

     

    Abstract: The printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) is one of the promising candidates for supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle, its performance is important to the safety and economy of the next generation nuclear technology. In this paper, an experimental study on heat transfer performance of supercritical CO2-water in zigzag mini-channels was conducted to explore the heat transfer characteristics in the pre-cooler channels of a supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle. The experimental pressure of the supercritical CO2 is 7.5-9.0 MPa, the temperature is 50-90 ℃, and the flow rate is 300-600 kg/(m2·s). The test section has a diameter of 2.0 mm, a pitch of 7.24 mm, and a bend angle of 40°. By arranging multiple temperature measurement points, the temperature distribution data along the complex mini channels were obtained. The influence of different operating conditions on the logarithmic mean temperature difference and overall heat transfer coefficient along the mini channels was studied, and the effects of overall method and segmented method on the calculation results were further evaluated. The results show that the overall heat transfer coefficient exhibits a relatively high level near the pseudo-critical region. Meanwhile, due to the pronounced enhancement effect of the buffer layer on the near-critical temperature, the peak value of the overall heat transfer coefficient corresponds to a slightly higher CO2 bulk temperature than the near-critical temperature. Under the given operating conditions, increasing the CO2 inlet temperature has a small effect on the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger. With the increase of inlet pressure, the peak value of overall heat transfer coefficient decreases, the peak values of the overall heat transfer coefficient corresponding to 7.5, 8.0, and 9.0 MPa are 3 828.3, 3 466.0, and 3 281.8 W/(m2·℃) respectively. However, the overall trend gradually becomes less sensitive to the changes in bulk temperature and exhibits higher heat transfer capability in the gas-like region. Increasing the inlet mass flow rate can significantly improve the overall heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger. When the inlet mass flux increases from 311.72 kg/(m2·s) to 495.37 kg/(m2·s), the maximum value of the overall heat transfer coefficient increases from 3 305 W/(m2·℃) to 4 193 W/(m2·℃), which is a 26.87% improvement. Besides, in the heat transfer conditions near the pseudocritical region, the deviation between the overall heat transfer coefficients calculated by the overall method and the segmented method is significant, while in the heat transfer conditions across the pseudocritical region, due to the compensating effect of the s-shaped logarithmic mean temperature difference, the deviation in the calculation results is significantly reduced.

     

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