基于分子干涉函数的光子-原子相干散射截面计算方法研究

Research on Calculation Method of Molecular Interference Effect of Photon-atomic Coherent Scattering

  • 摘要: X射线衍射在物质结构分析和材料无损检测领域有着广泛的应用,其基本物理原理为光子与物质发生的相干散射。传统的相干散射截面计算方法基于独立原子形状因子近似方法,忽略了光子动量转移较小时与原子发生相互作用时的分子干涉效应,影响相干散射截面的计算精度。因此,为了获得光子动量转移较小时精确的相干散射截面,本文在核数据处理程序NECP-Atlas中对基于分子干涉函数的光子-原子相干散射截面计算方法进行研究,利用分子动力学模拟方法计算分子干涉函数,对蒙特卡罗程序使用的ACE格式数据库中的原子形状因子进行修正,并给出了模拟得到的水分子和乙醇分子的分子干涉函数,对基于独立原子形状因子近似方法和考虑分子干涉效应计算得到的水和乙醇的散射成像结果进行了对比分析。数值结果显示:基于分子动力学模拟得到的分子干涉函数计算得到的水的散射成像结果与文献结果吻合较好;同时,当光子动量转移较小时,分子干涉效应对相干散射的次级光子角度分布有着显著影响。本文建立的光子-原子相干散射截面计算方法可显著提高光子动量转移较小时的相干散射次级光子角度分布计算精度,可为X射线衍射模拟提供数据基础。

     

    Abstract: Coherent scattering is the theoretical basis of X-ray diffraction, which is widely used in the field of materials. A functional module to calculate the nondestructive testing of photon-atomic and photon-molecular coherent scattering cross sections is developed in the nuclear data processing code NECP-Atlas. The photon-atomic coherent scattering cross section is processed in NECP-Atlas with the same method as that of NJOY2016. In practice, photon interacts with materials which usually consist of numerous polyatomic molecules. Therefore, the photon-molecular coherent scattering cross sections should be calculated instead of photon-atomic coherent scattering cross sections to acquire more accurate simulated results. First, the independent atom model (IAM) was implemented to calculate the photon-molecular coherent scattering cross sections with the assumption that the atom was isolated. This approximation works well when the momentum transfer of incident photons is large. At small momentum transfer, the interference effects of various atoms cannot be ignored. Then, the molecular interference model was introduced to consider the influence on angular distribution of secondary photons due to the interference effects. The molecular interference functions of water and ethanol were simulated using molecular dynamics simulation, and then applied in the ACE library. The atomic form factors of the atoms in water and ethanol molecules were modified by the molecular interference function. To quantify the influence of molecular interference effects on angular distribution of secondary photons, an imaging system was simulated. Numerical results show that the molecular interference effects have a significantly influence on the angular distribution of photons at small momentum transfer, while at large momentum transfer, the molecular interference effects can be ignored.

     

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