我国高放废物地质处置新突破

Geological Disposal of High Level Radioactive Waste in China: Progress and Breakthrough during 2019-2024

摘要: 2019年5月6日，国家原子能机构批复了我国高放废物地质处置地下实验室建设工程立项建议书。2021年6月17日，地下实验室工程正式开工建设，标志着我国高放废物地质处置进入一个新的阶段——地下实验室阶段，实现了新的突破。本文介绍近五年（2019—2024）来我国高放废物地质处置在法律法规、技术标准、场址评价、缓冲材料、工程技术、岩石力学、放射性核素迁移和安全评价等方面取得的新进展，重点介绍北山地下实验室工程建设及研究开发的新进展。

Abstract: On May 6, 2019, the proposal to construct an underground research laboratory (URL) for geological disposal of high level radioactive waste (HLW) in Beishan, Gansu, was approved by China Atomic Energy Authority. On June 17, 2021, the construction of the URL officially started, which means that the Chinese program for geological disposal of HLW has entered a new stage, and it also means a major breakthrough. This paper reviews the progress and major achievements of the R&D on geological disposal of HLW in China during 2019-2024, including regulations, technical standards, site characterization, buffer material study, engineering technologies, rock mechanics, migration of radionuclide studies and safety assessment, with focus on introducing the progress of the construction of Beishan URL and the R&D conducted in the URL.