Abstract:
In order to solve the lack of evaluation mode, method and parameter for internal radiation dose evaluation in wound contaminated by transuranic nuclide in facilities and production lines such as spent fuel reprocessing and nuclear technology making radioactive sources, the key technologies for internal radiation dose evaluation in wound contaminated by transuranic nuclide were studied. A new model and method for evaluating the dose caused by wound were established by coupling NCRP wound biodynamics with ICRP gastrointestinal tract and transuranic nuclide system transport models, the
241Am retention characteristics for seven different types of wound-causing contaminants (soluble weak, soluble moderate, soluble strong, soluble avid, colloid, particles and fragments) and five different types of wounds (deep puncture wounds, subcutaneous puncture wounds, lacerations, abrasions and thermal burns) were recommended for the first time through model analysis. The results show that the internal radiation dose evaluation joint transport model for wound considers the combined kinetic transport of multiple organs and systems in human body, and compared with the NCRP single wound biodynamic transport mode, the difference in the retention caused by some contaminant types (such as particle) in the long-term (>1 000 days) is about 2 times, which cannot be ignored in the retrospective dose evaluation after a certain period of wound intake. Therefore, it is suggested that the default wound retention ratio coefficient and transfer rate parameters of NCRP could be used for prospective wound dose assessment without knowing the physicochemical morphology and composition of contaminated radionuclides, but for retrospective dose assessment after radioactive contaminated wound intake for a certain period of time or in the case of known information of contaminants, the internal radiation dose evaluation joint transport model from wound established in this work should be used to carry out follow-up wound dose evaluation to improve the evaluation accuracy. Secondly, the estimation of characteristic parameters of wound intake for
241Am shows that the migration rates of different types of wound contaminants into the blood were satisfied as soluble weak>soluble moderate>soluble strong>soluble avid>colloid>particle>fragments. And the migration rates of different types of wound into blood were satisfied as deep puncture wounds≈subcutal puncture wounds>lacerations≈ abrasions>burns. In order to facilitate the application of radiation protection evaluation, the retention ratio coefficient and transfer rate parameters were fitted and recommended for the retention characteristic data estimated by internal dose evaluation joint transport model from wound for
241Am. This study fills the gap for internal radiation dose evaluation in wound contaminated by transuranic nuclide in China, enriches the range of wound dose evaluation parameters, solves the specific technical problems in the internal radiation dose evaluation of transuranic nuclide-induced wound, and is an important supplement to the internal radiation monitoring and dose evaluation system in China.