Abstract: This study investigated the influence of temperature on the tensile mechanical properties of vanadium (V) metal at the atomic scale. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to analyze the tensile behavior under four different temperatures: 300, 600, 900, and 1 200 K. The simulations were conducted under three-dimensional periodic boundary conditions, with the atomic model initially optimized for energy minimization using the conjugate gradient algorithm. The isothermal-isobaric (NPT) ensemble was employed to simulate uniaxial tensile deformation along the y-axis with a strain rate of 0.004 ps⁻¹. Temperature and pressure were controlled using the Nose-Hoover thermostat and barostat methods, with damping parameters set to 0.1 ps for temperature and 1.0 ps for pressure. The entire simulation unit had a total of 750 000 atoms. To investigate its microscopic deformation mechanisms, this study used common neighbor analysis (CNA) and dislocation analysis, combined with Python scripts to quantitatively process the analysis results. The results demonstrate that the tensile strength of V metal gradually decreases with increasing temperature, which is closely associated with phase transformation, as well as dislocation nucleation and motion. During tensile deformation, plastic deformation is primarily governed by phase transformation, while dislocation nucleation and motion play a dominant role in the fracture mechanism. In the elastic deformation stage, the transformation of atoms from the body-centered cubic (BCC) structure to the face-centered cubic (FCC) and other (unrecognized lattice) structures predominates. Owing to the anisotropy of V, atoms with other structures gradually aggregate on the specific crystal planes. The accumulation of high-energy atoms provides favorable nucleation sites for dislocations, promoting dislocation nucleation. Dislocation analysis reveals that the 1/2\langle 111 \rangle dislocation is the most predominant. Moreover, with increasing temperature, the emergence of dislocations is delayed, and the stress drop after the tensile strength is mitigated. Through an in-depth atomic-scale analysis of the tensile properties of V metal, this study elucidates the effect of temperature on its tensile performance and clarifies the deformation mechanisms, providing scientific insights for subsequent research on V and V-based alloys.