Abstract:
The treatment of radioactive sodium waste is a significant technical challenge and safety issue during the operation, maintenance and decommissioning of sodium-cooled fast reactors. To independently master the continuous sodium waste treatment process technology, a continuous sodium waste treatment process was developed based on the sodium-water reaction according to the chemical principles and characteristics of the continuous process in this study. Firstly, the material, energy and process parameters of the continuous sodium-water reaction and a series of subsequent treatment processes were simulated and calculated using process flow simulation software to determine the basic design input of process parameters and key equipment, and verify the feasibility of the continuous process. Then, key equipments such as the sodium-water reactor, sodium metering pump and sodium atomizing nozzle in the process were developed based on the design parameters, and numerical simulation calculations and individual tests were conducted to verify their feasibility and functionality. Finally, a comprehensive experimental loop for continuous sodium treatment was established, and a 12-hour long-term continuous treatment test was carried out. A stable and continuous sodium-water reaction at a rate of 40 kg/h was achieved. Meanwhile, the average temperature of the alkaline solution in the sodium-water reactor was kept below 80 ℃ through the cooling of the alkaline solution circulation system, and the hydrogen gas emission system worked safely and effectively. This study designed and verified the reliability and safety of the main process and developed equipment, marking that China has basically independently mastered the continuous treatment technology of radioactive sodium waste and laying a foundation for the subsequent engineering application of continuous radioactive sodium waste treatment.