东华加速器中子源设计与调试研究

Research on Design and Commissioning of Electron Linac of East China Accelerator Neutron Source

  • 摘要: 东华加速器中子源是一个综合性科研平台,在核技术应用领域有广泛的科研与应用需求。为了满足同位素生产和核数据测量等方面对高功率电子束的需求,本文探讨了东华电子直线加速器的参数选择依据,采用电子直线辐照加速器的工程技术设计了35 MeV/70 kW的高功率电子直线加速器,并给出了装置关键部件,如电子枪、加速管、α磁铁、靶站等的物理设计方案。通过实验验证了设计的正确性,获得了35 MeV的束流能量和1 mA的平均电子束流强。本文研究可为我国提供一台多功能的核技术应用领域的综合性科研平台。

     

    Abstract: The East China Accelerator Neutron Source (ECANS) is a comprehensive scientific research platform with extensive research and application needs in the field of nuclear technology applications. In order to design a high power electron linac for radioactive isotopes production, the paper first explored the parameter selection criteria for electron linac. The selection method was mainly based on the electron energy region with maximum photon generation efficiency. At the same time, based on mature high-power electron irradiation linac technology, the most cost-effective energy was selected as 35 MeV. There were two operating modes for the linac: long pulse mode and short pulse mode. The long pulse mode was used for radioactive isotopes production, neutron radiography, industrial irradiation, neutron activation analysis, and so on. The short pulse mode was mainly used for nuclear data measurement. Four energy operating states (7.5, 10, 12, and 35 MeV) were supported by the long pulse mode. For the long pulse, the pulse current intensity is about 250 mA, the maximum repetition frequency reaches 500 Hz, and the maximum average current intensity is 2 mA. For the short pulse, the pulse current intensity is about 750 mA, the maximum repetition frequency reaches 100 Hz, and the pulse time length is ranging from 10 to 100 ns. The electron linac was composed of three stages room temperature traveling wave accelerator tube. The first stage accelerates the electron up to 10 MeV. The 10 MeV electron beam is vertically deflected downwards by 90° using an α magnet for industrial irradiation. The 10 MeV electron beam can also be horizontally deflected 45° by a deflection magnet for electron beam experiments. The physical design scheme for the key components of the device was provided, including the physical design of the electron gun, accelerator tube, α magnet, target station, and other aspects. The 35 MeV electron beam was transported to the target station to produce X-ray and neutron. The target station consists of a tungsten target and a shielding body. There were two types of tungsten targets: the thin target and the thick target. The thin target employed in photon production has a yield of about 1.0×1016 s−1. The thick target employed in neutron production has a yield of about 5.2×1013 s−1. There are eight channels inside the shielding body for extracting photons and neutrons for experiments and applications. The length of neutron beamline is about 50 meters, which can provide excellent neutron energy resolution for neutron nuclear data measurement. This paper also presents the recent device commissioning outcomes, including the acceptance of a 10 MeV electron beam and a resulting 1 mA current at 35 MeV. This paper’s research can provide a multi-functional comprehensive scientific research platform in the field of nuclear technology application.

     

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